WO2006129133A1

WO2006129133A1 - Bullet-proof armour effective against small arms and production method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2006129133A1
Application number: PCT/IB2005/001518
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michel Baikrich
Original assignee: Poly-Technology Inc. S.A.
Priority date: 2005-05-31
Filing date: 2005-05-31
Publication date: 2006-12-07

Abstract

The invention relates to a bullet-proof armoured panel which is made from a geotextile fabric that has been structurally altered in order to form a lightweight, economical ballistic fabric that is effective against small arms, projectiles from short weapons, ranging from pistols and revolvers to sub-machine guns, and grenade fragments. The invention consists of a layered assembly forming a semi-flexible or rigid armour panel which is obtained by stacking and alternating layers of ballistic fabric with an adhesive or connection means which is disposed therebetween. According to the invention, the stacked layers are compressed at a determined pressure and temperature in order to produce a panel which is highly resistant to puncture and which can greatly absorb energy from the impact of projectiles. The invention can be used in hand lay-up applications in order to replace glass fibre.

Description

ANTI-BULLET SHIELD AGAINST PORTABLE WEAPONS AND

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING IT

Preamble

Ballistic specifications

AMMUNITIONS AND WEAPONS

All armor systems are validated against standard types of weapon ammunition used in common attacks. The type of ammunition is characterized by the caliber of the projectile, the external dimensions, the shape and its composition. The latter is of great importance in determining its ability to penetrate a shielding system.

Clearly, the level of the selected shield also offers protection against minor threats.

LABAL IMPACT SPEED

"Impact speed" refers to the speed at which the projectile hits the armor surface. The "initial velocity" is the velocity of the projectile immediately after its exit from the gun barrel and is the highest during its trajectory. A bullet impact at the initial velocity and after fully stabilizing, represents the greatest possible threat against the armor system.

Addenda: From Michel BAIKRICH What determines the Vo "initial velocity" of the projectile is: The type of propellant (gunpowder) used, the weight and shape of the projectile, the length of the barrel and the mode of closure of the percussion mechanism, Blowback, delayed blowback, closed bolt, recoil operated, short recoil, locked breech, rotary bold mechanism and gas operation, etc.

MULTIPLE IMPACT CRITERIA

Multiple impact criteria describe the ability of a sample to withstand more than one impact of each type of projectile. The criteria are represented by the total number of impacts of each type of ammunition as well as the space between adjacent impacts. The multiple impact criteria are three impacts on the vertices of an equilateral triangle. The space between adjacent impacts is 115 to 125 mm. These criteria represent the typical dispersion of manual shots or the probable dispersion during an attack.

IMPACT ANGLE

The angle of oblique describes the angle between the trajectory of the projectile and the perpendicular line of the armor surface. Therefore, an impact at zero obliqueness is perpendicular to the surface of the shield.

N. B. The type of ammunition, the speed of impact, the multiple impact criteria and the angle of obliqueness must be specified to define the threat.

This explanatory text in the preamble on ballistic specifications was inserted with the permission of: Dr. Tony RUSSELL

Vice President Engineering, Production and Quality of O'GARA-HESS & EISENHARDT / USA Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a non-toxic and 100% waterproof bulletproof armor of the car armor type and architectural (structural) type that has been developed against portable short weapon type weapons, which is based on high tenacity textile fibers, which have been structurally modified, arranged and glued in a particular way to fulfill that purpose.

Background of the Invention

Many different types of armor are available today, which vary in ballistic resistance range, from those designed for protection against short weapons to high-powered rifles. Bullet-resistant materials are used in the manufacture of ballistic shields, in ballistic protection for fixed structures, such as guard stations and control cells, and in ballistic protection for vehicle occupants. Ballistic materials used in the manufacture of shields include metals, ceramics, glass, fabric, and reinforced plastics; These materials are used separately or in combination, depending on the level and type of protection desired.

In the manufacture of ballistic fabric such as that used in armor against short-arm shells, polyaramide fibers that are marketed under different names such as Kevlar of DuPont and Twaron of Akzo Nobel are generally used. An aramid is an organic fiber of aromatic polyamide very strong and highly resistant to these types of impacts, shock loads and sudden loads. It is thermally stable but not chemically inert * - The results of the cyto toxicity tests indicate an identical toxicity of the aramid of aramid, crocidolite and chrysotile (asbestos) in the epithelial cells of the trachea of the hamsters and in the pulmonary fibroblasts of the rats, when both were expressed in equal number and mass (Marsh et al., Drug and Chem. Toxic, 1994).

Ultra high molecular weight extended chain polyethylene fibers such as Spectra from Allied Signal or Dyneema from DSM, Famostone from FMS Enterprises, and other similar fabrics are also used. Polyethylene is the most popular and used plastic in the world and can be presented in a linear (high density) or branched (low density) form, the first being tougher than the second, but cheaper and easier to make the second one. first. Polyethylene of molecular weight between 3 and 6 million is called ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with which fibers are made so strong that they have replaced Kevlar (but more expensive too) in bulletproof vests. However, the aforementioned materials are comparatively very expensive, which is why, according to the present invention, a novel type of bulletproof armor against short weapons (guns, revolvers, even sub-machine guns) has been developed, which provides more applications and uses to customers for ballistic protection tailored to their needs and at a much more accessible cost for a larger number of users.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a panel formation scheme of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows a panel formation scheme of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows a panel formation scheme of a third embodiment of the present invention. Detailed description of the invention

Definitions

Before proceeding with the detailed description of the present invention some terms will be defined which will be used here:

"Specifications US Mil Std 662C - NIJ-Std.010 - US Federal Std Mil -F- 21840 - European Std EN 1063 - UL 752 - DIN 52290 - ASTM 1233- US State Department - British Ballistic Std - Australian Ballistic Std, etc. " They refer to the international ballistic standards that define the different levels of protection conferred by the shields, depending on the speed, weight and composition of the projectiles used for this purpose.

- "Kevlar, Twaron, Spectra, Famostone" are registered trademarks of ballistic fabrics developed by different commercial companies.

- "Laminated Hand Lay-up" means laminate installed by hand.

- "MIP" means Mineral Inorganic Product.

- "Puncture Resistance" is the mechanism of resistance inherent in a specimen to failure, due to the penetration of a sharp object, and refers specifically to the ability to resist the nut of a projectile acting on a small surface of the fabric, as well as the deep penetration of white weapons, all due to the massive effect of the panel.

- "SMARTEX" is the commercial name requested before the Superintendency of

Industry and Commerce in Colombia, which was given to the fabric made with high tenacity polyethylene glycol (PET) terephthalate threads, in the form of insertion by frame and structurally modified which is used for the construction of the armored panel of the present invention.

- "TECTONIX" is the commercial name requested before the Superintendence of Industry and Commerce in Colombia to designate the type of armor (against small arms) developed in the present invention.

- "Warp and weft" are the terms used in a fabric, the first to designate the, or the systems of threads that are in a vertical position in relation to the weaver, and the _. second, to the threads that are in a horizontal position with respect to it.

- "Waterproof Waterproof

Preferred Modalities of the Invention

The shield of the present invention can be presented in the form of light panels of two different types: semi-flexible and rigid, for protection against short arms, depending on the level of protection to respond to these threats.

The compact laminated panel of the present invention and which has been called "TECTONIX" armor, depending on its level, have ballistic resistance against explosion fragments, shotguns (shotgun type) 12 gauge shot (shot and 00 buck) and a single bullet (slug), standard short-weapon ammunition up to 357 Magnum revolvers, pistols and sub-machine guns up to UZI / MP5 9mm Parabellum caliber and 44 Magnum revolver.

For indicative purposes only, the following ballistic tables show a non-exhaustive list of different calibers and types of bullets used, against different levels of protection, which stop the following standard projectiles, firing of any type of Std short weapon present in the market. Above the requirements of the representative international norms NIJ & European Standard.

Level I (14 layers of SMARTEX fabric)

Level II (24 Layers of SMARTEX fabric)

** The 7.62 Tokarev cartridge is interchangeable with the 7.63 Mauser, 7.65 Borchardt and 7.65 Mannlicher

Special feature: A particular feature of the TECTONIX laminated level II armored panel consisting of SMARTEX fabrics is that when an attack victim is able to react to repel an attack while behind this type of armor, he can fire with a gun or sub- caliber machine gun with high drilling power such as the 9 mm Parabellum / Luger and 44 Magnum through the shield, that is, from the side marked OUT. (output) The projectile will penetrate the shield without deforming much to exit the marked side as IN (input), still with enough energy to neutralize the attacker if he is at close range. This form of protection / reaction is not reported by any other shielding material.

Level IIIA (30 Layers of SMARTEX fabric)

* LRN = Lead Round Nose; FMJ = FuIl Metal Jacket; JSP = Jacketed Soft Point; JHP = Jacketed Hollow Point; H-Sh = Hydra Shock; SWC = Semi Watcutter; WC = Watcutter; FMJ TC = FuIl Metal Jacket Tronconical Cone AP = Armor Piercing, FMC = FuIl Metal Case (FMJ)

From a practical point of view you can talk about a minimum of 5 mm to a maximum of 13 mm thick for the different levels of protection defined here, as well as a standard panel of 122 cm X 244 cm up to 153 cm X 366 cm , trimmed in the form and with measures required by the client.

Given the above, it is clear that the specification of the thickness of a panel or plate composed of multiple layers, will depend on the level of shielding required in each case. Obviously, these thicknesses could decrease or increase depending on the number of layers needed to contain each type of threat that is defined.

The present concept has been developed taking into account that all raw materials are produced at a much more favorable cost than when using Kevlar, Twaron, Spectra, Famostone or similar, for the development of compact armored panels, designed for the protection of the opaque lining parts both internal and external of boat hulls, truck bodies, buses, cars, shelters and communication centers. Likewise, architectural shielding for divisions in offices and banks, armored doors, parts of armored vests, protection boxes for sensitive devices, riot shields, security checkpoints, armored briefcases, internal walls of commercial aircraft, general protective helmets, etc. .

The novel feature of the present invention is based both on its composition, and on the manufacturing processes for making these high pressure compact laminate shield panels.

In the process of laminating Hand Lay-up and sprinkling in general they are also with dry pre-compressed SMARTEX fabrics, then install them with or without mechanical pressing to obtain a product capable of replacing the fiberglass in its various applications.

Manufacturing Methods of the Devices of the Present Invention

The semi-flexible panel is made by following the following steps (1) Overlapping and crossing (Warp / Weft) the necessary amount of SMARTEX fabric layers according to the intended design, (2) Collating the bonding films in Polyethylene (glue ), (3) Compressing the sandwich formed at a pressure between 2.1 and 2.6 x 10 ⁴ Pa and at a temperature between 145 and 148 ° C to melt the glue films that will allow perfect adhesion by penetrating through the meshes of all layers of fabric and joining the upper and lower films, which will solidify during the cooling phase of the manufacturing process of the compact laminated armored panel.

From this technological process a solid panel is obtained with very closed meshes that give it a high resistance to punching with great deformability to absorb and dissipate all the energy received by the impacts of the bullets.

The construction of the rigid shielding panel is carried out as follows: (1) Impregnate the SMARTEX fabrics with phenolic resin, drain and dry them. (2) Overlap and cross (Warp / Weft) the amount of fabric layers needed according to the intended design. (3) Compress the fabrics at high pressure, at a curing temperature between 133 and l36 ° C. With this process a solid, rigid and hard panel is obtained with very closed meshes that give the panel a high resistance to punching with a lower External deformation to absorb all energy from multiple impacts.

In architectural (structural) application, both a semi-flexible and rigid armored panel can be added with a formic decorative laminate or any other type of decorative laminate, on one side or on both sides, according to customer specifications.

The number of layers and the selection of the previous components are carried out according to the type of threat that must be contained, the available budget and the particular specifications of the buyer or customer agency.

The SMARTEX fabric was developed with specifications that allow the warp / weft to be compatible with both the high-pressure compression process of the compact laminated panels of the Fórmica type, as in application of manual lamination of the Hand Lay-up and sprinkler type, with dry pre-compressed fabrics, and then installed with or without mechanical pressing. This type of fabric is originally on the market exclusively to be used as a geotextile, and the structural modification that is given to said fabric as per its concept in monobloc presentation once the finished panel allows its use as a ballistic fabric.

The SMARTEX is a fabric with weft-insertion fabric technology, made with high tenacity "NON-TOXIC" Polyethylene Glycol Terephthalate (PET) fiber, which has been structurally modified by high pressure compression to make the molecular structure of the Threads are compressed and the meshes are closed. When the fabrics in monobloc presentation receive a bullet impact, the threads are lengthened more to be able to absorb and dissipate all the energy received. Additionally, its tensile strength has been increased by crossing the different layers of the fabric (Warp / Weft) and where the side marked IN (entrance) on the front face, has a higher ballistic resistance behavior (+/- 15%) than from the side marked OUT.

NB The mechanical and ballistic resistance of the shielding with SMARTEX® is not affected by moisture.

From the different compounds and manufacturing processes used to make the compact laminated armor, the projectile is completely crushed between the layers of fabric of the panel, causing the appearance of a small headland on the back of the panel (side marked OUT), with a conical shape and a few millimeters thick over a total area of several cm ² , known as Trauma.

Both semi-flexible and the rigid that are object of the present invention have application in ballistic protection of the opaque portions for individuals (parts bulletproof vest), coating both inner armor panel as external bodies of trucks for transport of securities, buses, cars, communication shelters, etc. In architectural or structural shielding, divisions for offices and banks, armored doors, boxes for sensitive devices, anti-fragment panels, riot shields, surveillance booths, armored briefcases, commercial aircraft interior linings, taxi separation panel, etc. These are just some of the best known examples of application of the architectural shields of the present invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited exclusively thereto.

This pre-compressed dry SMARTEX fabric is also used at high pressure on a mold or any type of surface, with or without mechanical pressing, in Hand Lay-up applications and by spraying with polyester resin, vinyl ester, epoxy resin or MIP, for the development of high tensile strength parts, such as helicopter rotors, safety helmets, preformed parts, etc. (In the same way that the fiberglass cloth is put on, unlike the fiberglass does not accept high compression, because its structure is destroyed)

Claims

CLAIMS claimed to be:

1. An architectural bulletproof armor against projectiles of portable weapons such as guns, revolvers, sub-machine guns and grenade fragments, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises a set in layers to configure a structural armor panel that is obtained by overlapping and crossing (Warp / Weft) layers of ballistic fabric with a bonding or bonding medium that is sandwiched between them, where said superimposed layers are compressed at a certain pressure and temperature to produce a solid panel of flexible or rigid monoblock type with high puncture resistance and high capacity of energy absorption of projectile impacts.

2. An architectural bulletproof armor according to claim 1,

CHARACTERIZED because the ballistic shield panel can be configured as a semi-flexible type shield panel, or as a rigid type shield panel.

3. An architectural bulletproof armor according to claim 1,

CHARACTERIZED because the ballistic fabric is a fabric with weft insertion technology of high tenacity polyethylene tereñalate (PET) fibers that has been structurally modified by high pressure compression so that its meshes are closed and the threads are compressed , and where the different layers of said fabric intersect (Warp / Weft) to increase their tensile strength.

4. A bulletproof architectural shield according to claims 1 and 2, CHARACTERIZED because the bonding agent in the semi-flexible panel is 2 polyethylene films that are sandwiched between the fabrics.

5. A bulletproof architectural shield according to the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED because the layers of fabric in the semi-flexible panel and the bonding agent are subjected to a pressure between 2.1 and 2.6 x 10 ⁴ Pa and a temperature of 145 - 148 ° C to allow it to melt the polyethylene and fill all the interstices of the fabric to obtain a solid panel of a flexible monoblock of high puncture resistance and with great capacity of energy absorption that is released with impacts, by deforming and completely crushing the projectiles between the layers of fabric of the compact laminated armored panel.

6. An architectural bulletproof armor according to claims 1 and 2, CHARACTERIZED because the ballistic fabric is of the pre-compressed dry type at high pressure to obtain a rigid panel, with the IN (inlet) face on the outside and where the fabrics are moistened with liquid polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, epoxy resin or MIP, for manual lamination (Hand Lay-up and spray), with or without mechanical pressing, and with a tensile strength 2 times higher ; with a reduction in weight between 25% and 45% (compared to fiberglass) depending on the number of layers of fabric that can be removed, especially in shipbuilding of hulls for boats, motorcycle helmets infantry, preformed bodies , storage tanks, cooling towers, large pipes, etc.

7. An architectural bulletproof armor according to claim 6,

CHARACTERIZED because the layers of pre-compressed ballistic fabric for rigid panels and the bonding agent are subjected to a pressure between 9.8 and 14.7 x 10 ³ Pa and a curing temperature between 133 and 136 ° C.

8. A method for the construction of a semi-flexible bulletproof armor panel comprising:

- Overlap and cross (warp / weft) the necessary amount of tissue layers, with the IN (inlet) side facing out;

- Collate the 2 joining films in polyethylene (glue) between each layer of fabric.

- Compress these layers at a pressure of 2.1 and 2.6 x 10 ⁴ Pa at a temperature of 145 - 148 ° C to melt the glue films that will allow perfect adhesion when penetrating all the interstices of the fabric.

9. A method for the construction of a rigid bulletproof armor panel comprising:

- Impregnate the fabrics with phenolic resin, drain and dry them;

- Overlap and cross (Warp / Weft) the amount of layers needed with the IN (inlet) face in front, and compress them at high pressure, at the resin curing temperature between 133 and 136 ° C to obtain a solid panel, Rigid, hard and with high resistance to punching and good deformability to absorb all the energy of multiple impacts.