US3320619A - Lightweight ballistic helmet - Google Patents
Lightweight ballistic helmet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3320619A US3320619A US46865665A US3320619A US 3320619 A US3320619 A US 3320619A US 46865665 A US46865665 A US 46865665A US 3320619 A US3320619 A US 3320619A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ballistic
- helmet
- resin
- nylon
- armor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
- A42B3/062—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means
- A42B3/063—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means using layered structures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
- F41H1/04—Protection helmets
- F41H1/08—Protection helmets of plastics; Plastic head-shields
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/911—Penetration resistant layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
- Y10T428/24595—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness and varying density
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
- Y10T428/31739—Nylon type
- Y10T428/31743—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomer[s]
Definitions
- ABSTRACT 0F THE DISCLOSURE A ballistic helmet or armor material formed of three distinct layers, the inner layer comprising a resin-bonded woven fabric laminate. the intermediate layer comprising a needle punched nylon felt, and the outer layer comprising a shatter and penetration resistant material such as a resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate or solid polycarbonate sheet, said layers being held together in assembled relationship.
- Our invention relates to a novel lightweight, nonmetallic, ballistic armor and, more particularly, to a ballistic helmet made of such armor.
- a novel lightweight, nonmetallic, ballistic armor and, more particularly, to a ballistic helmet made of such armor.
- reliance has traditionally been placed on the use of metals and metal alloys to provide protection against ballistic missiles and fragments.
- Metallic materials while capable of affording the required degree of protection have certain inherent disadvantages, the most notable among which are the heavy weight burden, inflexibility, thermal and electrical conductivity and lack of buoyancy in water.
- Studies have been made of non-metallic systems in an attempt to produce a material or combination of materials which are at least equal in protective properties to and avoid one or more of the above disadvantages of metal armor.
- non-metallic armor system has been a laminate of woven fibrous materials, eg., glass or synthetic fiber fabrics, impregnated lightly (l5- 25%) with a thermosetting resin to cause adherence of the plies of the fabric in normal use but to permit delamination under the force of a ballistic projectile, the theory being that the energy of the missile or fragment is dissipated in delaminating and stretching the individual plies of fabric.
- Another object is to provide a novel non-metallic armor material suitable for use in fabricating combat helmets.
- Arfurther object is to provide an armor material that in addition to ballistic protection provides low-level crash and impact protection.
- FIGURE 1 is a sectional view of the armor material of our invention
- FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of a ballistic helmet aecording to our invention.
- the armor material of our invention may be utilized for any article of protective armor it is especially suitable by virtue of its particular properties for use as personnel body armor and, more especially, for use in fabricating ballistic helmets.
- the armor material is shown to be a composite of three distinct layers of materials, the innermost layer or liner designated as 10, the intermediate layer as 11, and the outer layer ar shell as 12. The composition and arrangement of the inner and intermediate layers has been established as beingvcritical in achieving the desirable ballistic properties of our armor material.
- the inner layer 10 consists of a resin-bonded nylon fabric laminate structure.
- This structure may', for example, be formed of four plies of nylon ballistic cloth which cloth is formed by weaving a high tenacity, continuous filament nylon prepared from hexamcthylenediamine and adipic acid or its derivatives and having a melting point 0f 250i6 C.
- the Warp and filling yarns are 1050 denier, multifilament with 3 to 4 turns per inch Z twist and the weave is a 2 by 2 basket weave with two ends weaving as one and two picks weaving as one.
- the cloth is thoroughly scoured and heat-treated and has a minimum breaking strength in the warp of 90() pounds and in the filling of 825 pounds, and a minimum ultimate elongation of 25 percent in the warp and 2() percent in the filling. Further details relative to this nylon ballistic cloth may be found in Military Specification, MIL-C- 12369D(GL), entitled Cloth, Ballistic, Nylon.
- MIL-C- 12369D(GL) entitled Cloth, Ballistic, Nylon.
- the four plies of nylon cloth are coated on each side with a resin solution, such as a catalyzed system of phenol formaldehyde and polyvinyl butyral resins.
- a suitable catalyzed system contains a mixture of 87 parts by weight of an ethanol solution of polyvinyl butyral (25% solids), 10 parts by weight of phenolic varnish (57% solids), 27 parts by weight of trimethylol phenol (60% solids) and 2.6 parts by weight of phthalic anhydride dissolved in 5 parts by weight of methanol.
- the resin coated plies are bonded together under heat and pressure to effect a cure of the resin.
- the resin content of the cured structure varies from 13 to 19 percent by weight of the structure.
- the areal density of this material is about 9 oz./sq./ft. While four plies of nylon fabric are preferred for most purposes, more or less than four plies may be used wherever greater or lesser protection is desired.
- the intermediate layer 1l is composed of a needle- ⁇ v in the fabrication of the felt are made from continuous filament, bright, high tenacity ⁇ industrial cord yarn, 6 denier per filament. cut to 3-inch length and crimped.
- the nylon is prepared from hexamcthylenc diamine and adipic acid or its derivatives and 'has a inciting point of 250i6 C.
- the staple fibers are processed through a conventional single-cylinder wool card with a double feed box, to malte a web of approximately 1% ounces per square yard weight. Cross-laid-batts 4 ounces per square, yard are then made by lapping a card web three times at an apex angle of approximately 17.
- the crosslaid batts are needled with standard no pick-up" barbed needles (18 x 32 x 31/2, RB) at 277 penetrations per square inch per pass and 1/2 inch penetration.
- the stripper plate setting is 5/8 inch from the bed on the delivery side and a inch increase on the feed side.
- additional batts are then necdled on alternating sides thereof until twelve batts have been joined to form a felt approximately 1/2 inch thick.
- This felt is condensed and set to a 0.33 inch thickness by ⁇ a flat bed press using 0.29 inch spacers with platen temperature of 310 F. and a cycle time of approximately 6 minutes.
- the V50 ballistic limit of this material having an areal density of 6 oz. per square foot has been established as being 1000 ft. per second.
- the outer layer or shell 12 is formed of a shatterresistant and penetration-resistant material.
- shatter-resistant is defined as the ability of a material to resist cracking or shattering at any temperature within the range of 75 C. to 65 C. when struck by a 1.5 inch steel ball weighing 8 oz. which is dropped 100 inches onto the specimen.
- a penetrationresistant vmaterial is defined as having a V50 of at least 600 ft./sec., V50 being the impact velocity at which there is a 50% probability of penetration by a 17 grain, caliber .22 fragment simulator.
- the outer layer a laminated resin-bonded nylon fabric as described for the inner layer, although other resin-bonded fabrics, such as glass o1 Daeron fibers, or reinforced plastic materials, or solid thermoplastic materials such as polycarbonate sheets may be used. These materials have an areal density which is about 9 oz. per sq./ft.
- the three layers are placed tightly together in the indicated arrangement and held together by any suitable means to form the armor panel.
- any suitable means to form the armor panel In the case of small panels it will be sufficient to joint the peripheral edges of the inner and outer layers together by heat-sealing or the use of waterproofing adhesives, e.g., neoprene or polyvinyl butyral cements.
- the inner and outer layers provide a watertight seal or covering for the intermediate layer since the latter will rapidly absorb any water that contacts it and the presence of water in the felt drastically reduces its ballistic protective properties.
- FIGURE 2 illustrates a sectional view of a novel combat helmet having excellent ballistic properties for its weight as well as low level impact and crash protective properties.
- the inner layer 20 of the helmet is a laminated nylon fabric structure, the same as that described heretofore for the inner layer 10, and has a thickness of 0.097 inch plus or minus 0.015 inch. This layer is molded during the curing step in the shape of a helmet.
- the construction details and specific requirements of this inner layer are similar to that set forth in detail in Military Specification, MIL-L-4l800A entitled Liner, Soldier's Steel Helmet (Combat).
- the intermediate layer 21 of the helmet is a needlepunchcd nylon felt, such as that described in connection with the intermediate layer 11 above, and has the same thickness and weight per square foot.
- the outer layer or shell 22 is preferably a molded polycarbonate sheet which is approximately 0.06 inch in thickness and weighs approximately 9 oz. per sq./ft.
- the polycarbonate is of the bisthydroxyphenyl) alkane type, such as Lexan, a product of General Electric Co. or Merlon, a product of Mobay Chemical Co.
- Lexan a product of General Electric Co. or Merlon, a product of Mobay Chemical Co.
- polycarbonate there may also be used those materials described in connection with the outer layer or shell 12.
- a suspensionsystem not shown in the drawing', is secured to the inner surface of the inner layer 20 in the manner disclosed in Military Specification M1L-L-41800A.
- the nylon felt intermediate layer is formed to the shape of the helmet and then positioned over the inner layer.
- Polycarbonate resin is Oz. per sq./ft. 9
- the helmet of our invention unexpectedly provides low level impact and crash protection which properties are not found in the steel combat helmet system. While the precise mechanism responsible for this protection is not known, it is thought that the inner and outer shells serve to spread the load of the impact by resisting deflection and that the felt layer serves to absorb part of the load in compression so that the net result is to greatly reduce the energy transmitted to any point on the head of the wearer.
- a ballistic helmet including in combination:
- a ballistic helmet including in combination:
- (d) means retaining said shell, intermediate layer and covering in assembled relationship.
- a ballistic helmet including in combination (a) an inner shell having the shape of a helmet, formed of a molded resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate, having an areal density of 9 oz. per sq./ft.,
- (d) means retaining said inner shell, intermediate layer and outer covering in assembled relationship. 4.
- a ballistic helmet according to claim 3 wherein said inner shell and outer covering .form a watertight covering for said intermediate nylon felt layer.
- a ballistic armor material including in combination:
- (d) means retaining said inner, intermediate and outer layers in assembled relationship.
- Aballistic armor material including in combination:
- (d) means retaining s'aid inner, intermediate and outer layers in assembled relationship.
- a ballistic armor material including in combination:
- (d) means retaining said inner, intermediate and outer layers in assembled relationship.
- a ballistic armor material including in combination:
- (d) means retaining said inner, intermediate and outer layers in assembled relationship.
Description
IN VENT ORSI ATTORNEYS.
SR Mmmm@ A. L. LASTNIK ETAL LIGHTWEIGHT BALLISTIC HELMET Filed June 30, 1965 AMA? I United States Patent 3,320,619 LIGHTWEIGHT BALLISTIC HELMET Abraham L. Lastnik, 575 Potter Road, and Edward R. Barron, 20 Ruth Drive, both of Framingham, Mass. 01701 Filed June 30, 1965, Ser. No. 468,656 Claims. (Cl. 2-6) ABSTRACT 0F THE DISCLOSURE A ballistic helmet or armor material formed of three distinct layers, the inner layer comprising a resin-bonded woven fabric laminate. the intermediate layer comprising a needle punched nylon felt, and the outer layer comprising a shatter and penetration resistant material such as a resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate or solid polycarbonate sheet, said layers being held together in assembled relationship.
The invention described herein, if patented, may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to us of any royalty thereon.
Our invention relates to a novel lightweight, nonmetallic, ballistic armor and, more particularly, to a ballistic helmet made of such armor. i 1n the field of body armor, reliance has traditionally been placed on the use of metals and metal alloys to provide protection against ballistic missiles and fragments. Metallic materials, however, while capable of affording the required degree of protection have certain inherent disadvantages, the most notable among which are the heavy weight burden, inflexibility, thermal and electrical conductivity and lack of buoyancy in water. Studies have been made of non-metallic systems in an attempt to produce a material or combination of materials which are at least equal in protective properties to and avoid one or more of the above disadvantages of metal armor. To the present, the most promising non-metallic armor system has been a laminate of woven fibrous materials, eg., glass or synthetic fiber fabrics, impregnated lightly (l5- 25%) with a thermosetting resin to cause adherence of the plies of the fabric in normal use but to permit delamination under the force of a ballistic projectile, the theory being that the energy of the missile or fragment is dissipated in delaminating and stretching the individual plies of fabric.
To date, studies of armor materials have all tended to indicate that the resistance to ballistic penetration is more or less a function of the areal density of the material, areal density being defined as the weight of the material per unit area. Our invention, however, through a novel and unusual combination of materials, has resulted in an armor material that provides greater ballistic protection and resistance than would be expected from its areal density. Specifically, we have found that a combat helmet made of the armor material of this invention is capable of providing the same level of protection against eertain ballistic fragments as the standard steel combat helmet and nylon liner combination presently in use at an approximately 30% reduction in weight.
Accordingly, it is among the objects of the present invention to provide a novel armor material combining low weight per unit area with high resistance to penetration by ballistic fragments and missiles.
Another object is to provide a novel non-metallic armor material suitable for use in fabricating combat helmets.
Arfurther object is to provide an armor material that in addition to ballistic protection provides low-level crash and impact protection.
Patented May 23, 1967 Various other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrating one embodiment of our invention:
FIGURE 1 is a sectional view of the armor material of our invention;
FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of a ballistic helmet aecording to our invention.
While the armor material of our invention may be utilized for any article of protective armor it is especially suitable by virtue of its particular properties for use as personnel body armor and, more especially, for use in fabricating ballistic helmets. Referring to the drawing, the armor material is shown to be a composite of three distinct layers of materials, the innermost layer or liner designated as 10, the intermediate layer as 11, and the outer layer ar shell as 12. The composition and arrangement of the inner and intermediate layers has been established as beingvcritical in achieving the desirable ballistic properties of our armor material.
The inner layer 10 consists of a resin-bonded nylon fabric laminate structure. This structure may', for example, be formed of four plies of nylon ballistic cloth which cloth is formed by weaving a high tenacity, continuous filament nylon prepared from hexamcthylenediamine and adipic acid or its derivatives and having a melting point 0f 250i6 C. The Warp and filling yarns are 1050 denier, multifilament with 3 to 4 turns per inch Z twist and the weave is a 2 by 2 basket weave with two ends weaving as one and two picks weaving as one. The cloth is thoroughly scoured and heat-treated and has a minimum breaking strength in the warp of 90() pounds and in the filling of 825 pounds, and a minimum ultimate elongation of 25 percent in the warp and 2() percent in the filling. Further details relative to this nylon ballistic cloth may be found in Military Specification, MIL-C- 12369D(GL), entitled Cloth, Ballistic, Nylon. The four plies of nylon cloth are coated on each side with a resin solution, such as a catalyzed system of phenol formaldehyde and polyvinyl butyral resins. A suitable catalyzed system contains a mixture of 87 parts by weight of an ethanol solution of polyvinyl butyral (25% solids), 10 parts by weight of phenolic varnish (57% solids), 27 parts by weight of trimethylol phenol (60% solids) and 2.6 parts by weight of phthalic anhydride dissolved in 5 parts by weight of methanol. The resin coated plies are bonded together under heat and pressure to effect a cure of the resin. The resin content of the cured structure varies from 13 to 19 percent by weight of the structure. The areal density of this material is about 9 oz./sq./ft. While four plies of nylon fabric are preferred for most purposes, more or less than four plies may be used wherever greater or lesser protection is desired.
The intermediate layer 1l is composed of a needle-` v in the fabrication of the felt are made from continuous filament, bright, high tenacity` industrial cord yarn, 6 denier per filament. cut to 3-inch length and crimped. The nylon is prepared from hexamcthylenc diamine and adipic acid or its derivatives and 'has a inciting point of 250i6 C. The staple fibers are processed through a conventional single-cylinder wool card with a double feed box, to malte a web of approximately 1% ounces per square yard weight. Cross-laid-batts 4 ounces per square, yard are then made by lapping a card web three times at an apex angle of approximately 17. The crosslaid batts are needled with standard no pick-up" barbed needles (18 x 32 x 31/2, RB) at 277 penetrations per square inch per pass and 1/2 inch penetration. The stripper plate setting is 5/8 inch from the bed on the delivery side and a inch increase on the feed side. After one batt is passed through the needling, additional batts are then necdled on alternating sides thereof until twelve batts have been joined to form a felt approximately 1/2 inch thick. This felt is condensed and set to a 0.33 inch thickness by `a flat bed press using 0.29 inch spacers with platen temperature of 310 F. and a cycle time of approximately 6 minutes. The V50 ballistic limit of this material having an areal density of 6 oz. per square foot has been established as being 1000 ft. per second.
The outer layer or shell 12 is formed of a shatterresistant and penetration-resistant material. For purposes of this invention shatter-resistant is defined as the ability of a material to resist cracking or shattering at any temperature within the range of 75 C. to 65 C. when struck by a 1.5 inch steel ball weighing 8 oz. which is dropped 100 inches onto the specimen. A penetrationresistant vmaterial is defined as having a V50 of at least 600 ft./sec., V50 being the impact velocity at which there is a 50% probability of penetration by a 17 grain, caliber .22 fragment simulator. In the present example we prefer to employ as the outer layer a laminated resin-bonded nylon fabric as described for the inner layer, although other resin-bonded fabrics, such as glass o1 Daeron fibers, or reinforced plastic materials, or solid thermoplastic materials such as polycarbonate sheets may be used. These materials have an areal density which is about 9 oz. per sq./ft.
The three layers are placed tightly together in the indicated arrangement and held together by any suitable means to form the armor panel. In the case of small panels it will be sufficient to joint the peripheral edges of the inner and outer layers together by heat-sealing or the use of waterproofing adhesives, e.g., neoprene or polyvinyl butyral cements. In larger panels it may be desirable to tix the intermediate layer with respect to the inner and outer layers by means of staples or by the spot application of adhesives which will tack the three layers together at scattered points. It is essential, however, that the inner and outer layers provide a watertight seal or covering for the intermediate layer since the latter will rapidly absorb any water that contacts it and the presence of water in the felt drastically reduces its ballistic protective properties. l
FIGURE 2 illustrates a sectional view of a novel combat helmet having excellent ballistic properties for its weight as well as low level impact and crash protective properties. The inner layer 20 of the helmet is a laminated nylon fabric structure, the same as that described heretofore for the inner layer 10, and has a thickness of 0.097 inch plus or minus 0.015 inch. This layer is molded during the curing step in the shape of a helmet. The construction details and specific requirements of this inner layer are similar to that set forth in detail in Military Specification, MIL-L-4l800A entitled Liner, Soldier's Steel Helmet (Combat).
The intermediate layer 21 of the helmet is a needlepunchcd nylon felt, such as that described in connection with the intermediate layer 11 above, and has the same thickness and weight per square foot.
The outer layer or shell 22 is preferably a molded polycarbonate sheet which is approximately 0.06 inch in thickness and weighs approximately 9 oz. per sq./ft. The polycarbonate is of the bisthydroxyphenyl) alkane type, such as Lexan, a product of General Electric Co. or Merlon, a product of Mobay Chemical Co. In addition to the polycarbonate there may also be used those materials described in connection with the outer layer or shell 12.
In fabricating the helmet a suspensionsystem, not shown in the drawing', is secured to the inner surface of the inner layer 20 in the manner disclosed in Military Specification M1L-L-41800A. The nylon felt intermediate layer is formed to the shape of the helmet and then positioned over the inner layer. Polycarbonate resin is Oz. per sq./ft. 9
(l) Outer layer (2) Intermediate layer 6 (3) Inner liner 9 Total areal density 24 The areal density of a standard steel combat helmet system, exclusive of suspension system, is as follows:
Oz. per sq./ ft.
(l) Steel shell 28 (2) Ballistic nylon liner 9 Total areal density 37 It can be seen that there is a weight saving of 13 oz. per sq./ft. in areal density of our helmet over the present standard helmet system. The present standard steel helmet system and our improved non-metallic helmet provide the same level of protection against shell fragments and secondary missiles but the former weighs 48 oz. whereas the latter weighs but 32 oz.
In addition to ballistic resistant properties, the helmet of our invention unexpectedly provides low level impact and crash protection which properties are not found in the steel combat helmet system. While the precise mechanism responsible for this protection is not known, it is thought that the inner and outer shells serve to spread the load of the impact by resisting deflection and that the felt layer serves to absorb part of the load in compression so that the net result is to greatly reduce the energy transmitted to any point on the head of the wearer.
The invention described in detail in the foregoing specification is susceptible to changes and modifications as may occur to persons skilled in the art without departing from the lprinciple and spirit thereof. The lterminology used is for purposes of description and not of limitation, the scope of the invention being defined in the claims.
We claim:
1. A ballistic helmet including in combination:
(a) an inner shell having the shape of a helmet and formed of a resin-bonded woven fabric laminate,
(b) an intermediate layer of needle-punched nylon felt superimposed over said inner shell,
(c) a hard outer covering formed from a shatterand penetration-resistant material, and means retaining said shell, intermediate layer and outer covering in assembled relationship.
2. A ballistic helmet including in combination:
(a) an inner shell having the shape of a helmet and molded from a resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate,
(b) an intermediate layer of needle-punched nylon felt superimposed over said inner shell,
(e) a hard outer covering of a solid polycarbonate material, and
(d) means retaining said shell, intermediate layer and covering in assembled relationship.
3. A ballistic helmet including in combination (a) an inner shell having the shape of a helmet, formed of a molded resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate, having an areal density of 9 oz. per sq./ft.,
(b) an intermediate layer of needle-punched penetration-resistant nylon felt superimposed over and completely covering said inner shell and having an areal density of 6 oz. per sq./ft.,
(c) a hard outer covering of a solid polycarbonate sheet and having an areal density of 9 oz. per sq./ft;,
(d) means retaining said inner shell, intermediate layer and outer covering in assembled relationship. 4. A ballistic helmet according to claim 3 wherein said inner shell and outer covering .form a watertight covering for said intermediate nylon felt layer.
5. A ballistic armor material including in combination:
(a) an inner layer composed of a resin-bonded woven fabric laminate,
(b) an intermediate layer composed of a needlepunched nylon felt,
(c) an outer layer composed of a penetration and shatter-resistant material,
(d) means retaining said inner, intermediate and outer layers in assembled relationship.
6. Aballistic armor material including in combination:
(a) an inner layer composed of a resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate,
(b) an intermediate layer composed of a needlepunched nylon felt,
(c) an outer layer composed of a resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate,
(d) means retaining s'aid inner, intermediate and outer layers in assembled relationship.
7. A ballistic armor material including in combination:
(a) an inner layer composed of a resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate having an areal density of about 9 oz. per sq./ft.,
(b) an intermediate layer composed of a needlepunched nylon felt having an areal density of about 6 oz. per sq./ft.,
lil)
(c) an outer layer composed of a resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate having an areal density of about 9 oz. per sq./ft., and
(d) means retaining said inner, intermediate and outer layers in assembled relationship.
8. A ballistic armor material according to claim 7 wherein the exterior surfaces of said inner and outer layers and the peripheral edges of said armor are watertight.
9. A ballistic armor material including in combination:
(a) an inner layer composed of a resin-bonded woven nylon fabric laminate having an areal density of about 9 oz. per sq./ft.,
(b) an intermediate layer composed of a needlepunched nylon felt having an areal density of about 6 oz. per sq./ft.,
(c) an outer layer composed of a penetrationand shatter-resistant solid synthetic resin having an areal density of about 9 oz. per sq./ft.,
(d) means retaining said inner, intermediate and outer layers in assembled relationship.
10. A ballistic armor according to claim 9 wherein said shatter-resistant synthetic resin is a polycarbonate.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,766,453 10/1956 Frieder et al 2-3 X 3,018,210 11/1'962 Frieder et al 2-3 X 3,179,553 4/1965 Franklin 2-2.5 X
'JORDAN FRANKLIN, Primary Examiner.
J. R. BOLER, vAssistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A BALLISTIC HELMET INCLUDING IN COMBINATION: (A) AN INNER SHELL HAVING THE SHAPE OF A HELMET AND FORMED OF A RESIN-BONDED WOVEN FABRIC LAMINATE, (B) AN INTERMEDIATE LAYER OF NEEDLE-PUNCHED NYLON FELT SUPERIMPOSED OVER SAID INNER SHELL, (C) A HARD OUTER COVERING FORMED FROM A SHATTER-AND PENETRATION-RESISTANT MATERIAL, AND MEANS RETAINING SAID SHELL, INTERMEDIATE LAYER AND OUTER COVERING IN ASSEMBLED RELATIONSHIP.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US46865665 US3320619A (en) | 1965-06-30 | 1965-06-30 | Lightweight ballistic helmet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US46865665 US3320619A (en) | 1965-06-30 | 1965-06-30 | Lightweight ballistic helmet |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3320619A true US3320619A (en) | 1967-05-23 |
Family
ID=23860694
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US46865665 Expired - Lifetime US3320619A (en) | 1965-06-30 | 1965-06-30 | Lightweight ballistic helmet |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3320619A (en) |
Cited By (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3519529A (en) * | 1967-02-13 | 1970-07-07 | Goodyear Aerospace Corp | Puncture resistant laminate with crinkled film layer |
US3641638A (en) * | 1970-04-07 | 1972-02-15 | Us Army | Nonwoven fibrous felt ballistic armor material |
US3871026A (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1975-03-18 | Feldmuehle Anlagen Prod | Ceramic reinforced helmet |
US3924038A (en) * | 1974-06-12 | 1975-12-02 | Us Air Force | Fragment suppression configuration |
US3946441A (en) * | 1973-03-19 | 1976-03-30 | Johnson John R | Safety helmet |
US3958276A (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1976-05-25 | Clausen Carol W | Helmet |
US4057359A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-11-08 | Chevron Research Company | Ballistic nylon fabric turbine governor housing shielding means |
FR2426238A1 (en) * | 1978-05-15 | 1979-12-14 | Geonautics Inc | PROJECTILE RESISTANT HELMET AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
US4274161A (en) * | 1976-11-29 | 1981-06-23 | Littler Brian J | Crash helmet collar |
US4473208A (en) * | 1982-05-24 | 1984-09-25 | Nava Pier Luigi | Apparatus for making helmets |
US4522871A (en) * | 1981-05-04 | 1985-06-11 | Armellino Jr Richard A | Ballistic material for flexible body armor and the like |
US4608717A (en) * | 1983-07-06 | 1986-09-02 | Bristol Composite Materials Engineering Limited | Flexible armor |
FR2585239A1 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-01-30 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | PROTECTIVE CAP FOR CRANIAL BOX AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
US6030683A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 2000-02-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aramid ballistic structure |
EP1125513A2 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2001-08-22 | Arai Helmet Limited | Shell laminated structure in helmet |
WO2002059412A2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-08-01 | Auburn University | Impact absorbing material |
WO2006041355A1 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-04-20 | Poc Sweden Ab | Helmet |
US20070119538A1 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2007-05-31 | Price Jonathan A | Safety helmets |
US20090291605A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2009-11-26 | Thomas Jr Howard L | Layered ballistic-resistant material |
US20130040524A1 (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2013-02-14 | Mips Ab | Intermediate Layer of Friction Decreasing Material |
US8640267B1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-02-04 | Yochanan Cohen | Protective helmet |
US8850612B1 (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2014-10-07 | Armorworks Enterprises LLC | Ballistic helmet and fabrication method |
US8886046B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-11-11 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication system |
US8911015B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2014-12-16 | Yochanan Cohen | Car seat |
US9042736B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2015-05-26 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication systems |
US9487110B2 (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2016-11-08 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat |
US9578917B2 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2017-02-28 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Protective helmets |
US9616782B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2017-04-11 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat vehicle connection system, apparatus, and method |
US9705605B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2017-07-11 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication system |
US10150389B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2018-12-11 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat and connection system |
US10220734B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat |
US10645348B2 (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2020-05-05 | Sensors Unlimited, Inc. | Data communication between image sensors and image displays |
US10742913B2 (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2020-08-11 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Shutterless calibration |
US10753709B2 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2020-08-25 | Sensors Unlimited, Inc. | Tactical rails, tactical rail systems, and firearm assemblies having tactical rails |
US10796860B2 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2020-10-06 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Hermetically sealed over-molded button assembly |
US10801813B2 (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2020-10-13 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Adjustable-power data rail on a digital weapon sight |
US10921578B2 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2021-02-16 | Sensors Unlimited, Inc. | Eyecups for optics |
US11079202B2 (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2021-08-03 | Sensors Unlimited, Inc. | Boresighting peripherals to digital weapon sights |
US11122698B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2021-09-14 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Low stress electronic board retainers and assemblies |
US11143838B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-10-12 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Optical element retainers |
US11162763B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 | 2021-11-02 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Non-contact optical connections for firearm accessories |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2766453A (en) * | 1950-12-21 | 1956-10-16 | Frieder | Plastic impregnated fabric material and method for making same |
US3018210A (en) * | 1955-05-09 | 1962-01-23 | Gentex Corp | Ballistic helmet and method of making same |
US3179553A (en) * | 1963-03-12 | 1965-04-20 | Philip J Franklin | Lightweight armor plate |
-
1965
- 1965-06-30 US US46865665 patent/US3320619A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2766453A (en) * | 1950-12-21 | 1956-10-16 | Frieder | Plastic impregnated fabric material and method for making same |
US3018210A (en) * | 1955-05-09 | 1962-01-23 | Gentex Corp | Ballistic helmet and method of making same |
US3179553A (en) * | 1963-03-12 | 1965-04-20 | Philip J Franklin | Lightweight armor plate |
Cited By (58)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3519529A (en) * | 1967-02-13 | 1970-07-07 | Goodyear Aerospace Corp | Puncture resistant laminate with crinkled film layer |
US3641638A (en) * | 1970-04-07 | 1972-02-15 | Us Army | Nonwoven fibrous felt ballistic armor material |
US3871026A (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1975-03-18 | Feldmuehle Anlagen Prod | Ceramic reinforced helmet |
US3946441A (en) * | 1973-03-19 | 1976-03-30 | Johnson John R | Safety helmet |
US3924038A (en) * | 1974-06-12 | 1975-12-02 | Us Air Force | Fragment suppression configuration |
US3958276A (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1976-05-25 | Clausen Carol W | Helmet |
US4057359A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-11-08 | Chevron Research Company | Ballistic nylon fabric turbine governor housing shielding means |
US4274161A (en) * | 1976-11-29 | 1981-06-23 | Littler Brian J | Crash helmet collar |
FR2426238A1 (en) * | 1978-05-15 | 1979-12-14 | Geonautics Inc | PROJECTILE RESISTANT HELMET AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
US4199388A (en) * | 1978-05-15 | 1980-04-22 | Geonautics, Inc. | Method for making a multi-ply continuous filament ballistic helmet |
US4522871A (en) * | 1981-05-04 | 1985-06-11 | Armellino Jr Richard A | Ballistic material for flexible body armor and the like |
US4473208A (en) * | 1982-05-24 | 1984-09-25 | Nava Pier Luigi | Apparatus for making helmets |
US4608717A (en) * | 1983-07-06 | 1986-09-02 | Bristol Composite Materials Engineering Limited | Flexible armor |
EP0210918A1 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-02-04 | Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique | Protecting cap for the brain pan, and method of its manufacture |
FR2585239A1 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1987-01-30 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | PROTECTIVE CAP FOR CRANIAL BOX AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
US4809690A (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1989-03-07 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Protective skull cap for the skull |
US6030683A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 2000-02-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aramid ballistic structure |
KR100634875B1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2006-10-16 | 가부시키가이샤 아라이 헬멧 | Shell laminated structure in helmet |
EP1125513A3 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2002-04-24 | Arai Helmet Limited | Shell laminated structure in helmet |
EP1125513A2 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2001-08-22 | Arai Helmet Limited | Shell laminated structure in helmet |
WO2002059412A2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-08-01 | Auburn University | Impact absorbing material |
WO2002059412A3 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2003-02-06 | Univ Auburn | Impact absorbing material |
US6846545B2 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2005-01-25 | Auburn University | Impact absorbing material |
US20070119538A1 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2007-05-31 | Price Jonathan A | Safety helmets |
US20090291605A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2009-11-26 | Thomas Jr Howard L | Layered ballistic-resistant material |
US7700503B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2010-04-20 | Auburn University | Layered ballistic-resistant material |
WO2006041355A1 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-04-20 | Poc Sweden Ab | Helmet |
US20130040524A1 (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2013-02-14 | Mips Ab | Intermediate Layer of Friction Decreasing Material |
EP2523572A4 (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2017-06-14 | Mips AB | Intermediate layer of friction decreasing material |
US8850612B1 (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2014-10-07 | Armorworks Enterprises LLC | Ballistic helmet and fabrication method |
US9615004B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2017-04-04 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication systems |
US10812687B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2020-10-20 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Wireless bridge to local devices on personal equipment system |
US9042736B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2015-05-26 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication systems |
US9225419B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2015-12-29 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication systems |
US9438774B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2016-09-06 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication systems |
US10721000B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2020-07-21 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication system |
US9516202B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2016-12-06 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Wireless bridge to local devices on personal equipment system |
US9705605B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2017-07-11 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication system |
US9578917B2 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2017-02-28 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Protective helmets |
US8640267B1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-02-04 | Yochanan Cohen | Protective helmet |
US8911015B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2014-12-16 | Yochanan Cohen | Car seat |
US10220734B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat |
US10829013B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2020-11-10 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat and connection system |
US10500990B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2019-12-10 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat |
US10150389B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2018-12-11 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat and connection system |
US8886046B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-11-11 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Intrapersonal data communication system |
US9487110B2 (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2016-11-08 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat |
US9616782B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2017-04-11 | Pidyon Controls Inc. | Car seat vehicle connection system, apparatus, and method |
US11162763B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 | 2021-11-02 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Non-contact optical connections for firearm accessories |
US10753709B2 (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2020-08-25 | Sensors Unlimited, Inc. | Tactical rails, tactical rail systems, and firearm assemblies having tactical rails |
US10645348B2 (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2020-05-05 | Sensors Unlimited, Inc. | Data communication between image sensors and image displays |
US11079202B2 (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2021-08-03 | Sensors Unlimited, Inc. | Boresighting peripherals to digital weapon sights |
US10742913B2 (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2020-08-11 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Shutterless calibration |
US10921578B2 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2021-02-16 | Sensors Unlimited, Inc. | Eyecups for optics |
US11122698B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2021-09-14 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Low stress electronic board retainers and assemblies |
US10801813B2 (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2020-10-13 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Adjustable-power data rail on a digital weapon sight |
US10796860B2 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2020-10-06 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Hermetically sealed over-molded button assembly |
US11143838B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2021-10-12 | N2 Imaging Systems, LLC | Optical element retainers |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3320619A (en) | Lightweight ballistic helmet | |
US3722355A (en) | Lightweight armor material | |
US5677029A (en) | Ballistic resistant fabric articles | |
CA1136535A (en) | Laminated armor and process for producing same | |
US5619748A (en) | Ballistic vest | |
US5996115A (en) | Flexible body armor | |
US5306557A (en) | Composite tactical hard body armor | |
US3000772A (en) | Lightweight nonmetallic armor | |
US5362527A (en) | Flexible composites having rigid isolated panels and articles fabricated from same | |
EP0558636B1 (en) | Constructions having improved penetration resistance | |
US5198280A (en) | Three dimensional fiber structures having improved penetration resistance | |
US5926842A (en) | Ballistic vest | |
US4131053A (en) | Armor plate | |
KR101420107B1 (en) | Restrained breast plate, vehicle armored plates andhelmets | |
US4287607A (en) | Ballistic vests | |
US7407900B2 (en) | Unique ballistic composition | |
US20120186433A1 (en) | Protective shield material | |
KR20070058008A (en) | Lightweight armor against mutiple high velocity bullets | |
US6705197B1 (en) | Lightweight fabric based body armor | |
US2771384A (en) | Protective material | |
WO1999053782A2 (en) | Blunt force resistant structure for a protective garment | |
US20130090029A1 (en) | Impact dissipating fabric | |
CA2710526A1 (en) | Fabric architectures for improved ballistic impact performance | |
US3719545A (en) | Reinforced laminated material | |
EP0402165B1 (en) | Armour systems having high anti-piercing characteristics |