EP2063214B1 - Dispositif de protection balistique - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection balistique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2063214B1
EP2063214B1 EP20080169725 EP08169725A EP2063214B1 EP 2063214 B1 EP2063214 B1 EP 2063214B1 EP 20080169725 EP20080169725 EP 20080169725 EP 08169725 A EP08169725 A EP 08169725A EP 2063214 B1 EP2063214 B1 EP 2063214B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
fibers
layers
fabric
resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20080169725
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2063214A1 (fr
Inventor
Karine Thoral-Pierre
Benoît Clement
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDA Armements SAS
Original Assignee
TDA Armements SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TDA Armements SAS filed Critical TDA Armements SAS
Publication of EP2063214A1 publication Critical patent/EP2063214A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2063214B1 publication Critical patent/EP2063214B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24124—Fibers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2615—Coating or impregnation is resistant to penetration by solid implements
    • Y10T442/2623—Ballistic resistant

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ballistic protection device. It applies for example for the protection of vehicles or people against ballistic type attacks.
  • Ballistic protection devices equip various types of structures, equipment or people. For example, light vehicles likely to move in hostile territory, reconnaissance mission for example, are equipped with a ballistic protection.
  • These devices comprise in particular one or more layers of steels generally associated with ceramic layers, all these layers being fixed together by glue joints or by screwed studs.
  • These assemblies thus form shield panels capable of withstanding piercing projectiles of greater or lesser size and very high kinetic energy.
  • These panels have several disadvantages.
  • a first disadvantage is their weight and low maneuverability. In particular the materials constituting these panels and their necessary thicknesses give the whole a significant weight coupled with a lack of flexibility of use.
  • a second disadvantage lies in the lack of adaptation of these devices to more or less complex shapes.
  • the protective panels used can not fit all kinds of shapes. For practical reasons, the dimensions of the panels can not fall below a certain surface, which limits the possible shapes, in particular the rounded shapes are excluded.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for protecting against ballistic projectiles according to the main claim, comprising at least three layers of synthetic fabrics forming the reinforcements of the same piece obtained by resin transfer molding.
  • the fabric is for example composed of woven fibers in two dimensions, the warp and weft forming between them an angle less than or equal to 90 °.
  • the first layer, projectile oriented is composed of aramid fiber fabric.
  • the middle layer is made of fabric having glass fibers crossed with carbon fibers.
  • the middle layer is woven in three dimensions, the glass fibers and the carbon fibers being woven in two dimensions, the fibers of the glasses being oriented in a first direction and the carbon fibers being oriented in a second direction.
  • the two directions can cross at an angle less than or equal to 90 °, for example between 30 ° and 60 °.
  • the third layer is for example composed of fabric reinforcements linked two by two by the weaving process in the third direction.
  • a set of two woven reinforcements connected in pairs comprises a first carbon fiber reinforcement bonded to the second aramid fiber.
  • the fabric of the third layer comprises for example a finer mesh than that of the other layers.
  • Each layer has a stack of tissue layers, the number of layers of tissue depending on the desired thickness.
  • the thickness of the third layer is half the thickness of the middle layer.
  • the resin may be a phenolic resin.
  • the proportion of resin is for example 30% and the proportion of fabrics is 70%.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show an example of a ballistic protection panel 1 according to the prior art.
  • This panel comprises several layers 11, 12, 13 juxtaposed, fixed together by adhesive layers of adhesive 10 or threaded studs 14.
  • the outer layer is for example of ceramic-type material while the central layer 12 is made of steel, the layer 13 of composite type material.
  • the panel is more or less heavy. In all cases of application, its weight is an obstacle.
  • the layers 11, 12 may also during the impact of a ballistic projectile produce rear effects such as splinters. These effects are generally harmful or even dangerous for the environment, especially for people.
  • the figure 2 presents an assembly of panels 1 of the type of that of the figure 1 for an application of a material 21.
  • the assembly made as close as possible to the shape of this material 21, but not optimally.
  • the two panels are interconnected at their slices forming a projecting angle 22 because of the adopted contour. This angle can facilitate the detection of the whole by radar systems, notably by increasing the equivalent radar area.
  • the figure 3 presents an exemplary possible embodiment of a protection device according to the invention.
  • the device is represented by a partial sectional view.
  • the part shown is flat but it can advantageously take all kinds of other forms.
  • the panel of the figure 3 is formed of a monoblock composite material comprising three layers 31, 32, 33 integral formed in the same mold.
  • the first layer 31 is disposed on the side of the threat, in this case the arrival of a ballistic projectile 30. It is for example composed of aramid fibers embedded in resin. The fibers are previously dry woven according to a two-dimensional weave. The dry fabric forms the reinforcement of the layer 31, several layers of tissue being necessary to obtain the desired thickness of the layer 31 obtained by resin transfer molding, as will be described later.
  • the Figures 4a and 4b illustrate the principle of producing a two-dimensional weave, respectively by a sectional view and a top view.
  • the meshes cross in two dimensions, that is to say in a plane, forming a regular reinforcement.
  • the figure 4b shows an example where the threads of the weft and warp intersect perpendicularly. It is possible to provide a weave where the son intersect at an angle other than 90 °, for example at an angle between 30 ° and 60 °.
  • the first layer 31 has for example a thickness of the order of 1 to 1.5 millimeters.
  • the number of reinforcements superimposed to obtain the desired thickness can be determined a priori.
  • This first layer caliber at least the penetration diameter, it decreases the depth of penetration. It also prevents the aforementioned rear effects.
  • the second layer 32 comprises glass fibers and carbon fibers fixed in the matrix. These fibers are previously woven dry, according to a weaving in three dimensions, for example. This dry fabric forms the reinforcement of the layer 32.
  • the figures 5a 5b and 5c illustrate the principle of making a weaving in three dimensions.
  • This weave comprises a first fiber reinforcement 51 and 51 ' according to a planar weave, in two dimensions, of the type of Figures 4a and 4b .
  • this reinforcement is for example composed of glass fibers 51 in one direction and carbon fibers 51 'in the other direction.
  • these two directions can be oriented at an angle less than or equal to 90 °, for example between 30 ° and 90 °.
  • the cohesion of the two reinforcements in the third direction is done, either by sewing with threads 52, or by a glue film 53.
  • This second layer has a preponderant role insofar as it breaks the projectile or blocks it, and dissipates the energy due to shock.
  • the size of the meshes of the weaving is particularly adapted to the diameter of the projectiles.
  • Regarding the thickness it is also adapted to the type of projectile and in particular its penetrating power. A thickness of the order of 50 to 80 millimeters may be necessary.
  • the necessary woven reinforcements are stacked in sufficient number to obtain the desired thickness.
  • the third layer 33 is for example composed of woven reinforcements linked in pairs in the weaving process, these reinforcements then being juxtaposed to obtain the desired thickness.
  • a first reinforcement comprises a first ply, for example made of carbon fiber or fiberglass, bonded to a second ply by passing a weft or warp thread from the first ply into the second ply, for example aramid fiber in the case of this layer 33.
  • the figure 6 illustrates one type of possible link between the two reinforcements.
  • a first reinforcement 61 is seen from above.
  • the weaving of the reinforcements is for example made according to a fine mesh.
  • this third layer 33 cash the residual deformation of the second layer 32, dissipates the shock wave. It brings in particular the resistance with the continuity of the material, by dissipation of the mechanical stresses in all the back face.
  • the third layer 33 has for example a thickness of the order of half the thickness of the second layer 32.
  • the thicknesses of the layers are adapted to the desired level of protection.
  • Protective layers 34, 35 are for example fixed on each side of the assembly formed of the three layers 31, 32, 33. A conductive film or a suitable paint may be applied to these layers.
  • the figure 7 illustrates a known method of producing a composite material part obtained by resin transfer molding.
  • the three layers 31, 32, 33 are molded with resin, in one piece, to form a single-piece composite material. More particularly, all the layers are wetted at the same time by the resin. They are not stuck together.
  • the set of three layers is formed of superimposed fabrics 71, 72, 73.
  • Each layer is characterized by its type of fabric.
  • the number of tissue layers of each layer 31, 32, 33 depends on the level or type of protection sought as indicated above.
  • These layers are stacked at the bottom of a mold 70, shown in section, whose inner shape corresponds to the shape that is sought to give the protective device. A very large number of forms is thus possible.
  • the top of the mold is closed by a cover 74, in fact a semi-permeable plastic cover. Seals 75 arranged between the cover and the mold make it possible to seal and thus to close the mold.
  • a vacuum pump 77 is activated. This is connected by a conduit 78 inside the mold. This conduit 78 opens at a location at the level of the tissue layers, substantially opposite that which opens the arrival 76 of resin.
  • liquid resin is sent to the inside of the mold by a suitable conduit 76 placed so that the resin penetrates all the layers.
  • a gate located at the duct 78 of the vacuum pump stops the flow of the resin.
  • spot thicknesses of tissue may be made in some places to make reinforcements or to contain inserts.
  • the resin used may be epoxy resin or phenolic resin. This last type of resin has the particular advantage of being a very good thermal insulator, which improves the fire resistance.
  • the proportion of resin, forming the matrix can be for example of the order of 30% and the proportion of tissue can be of the order of 70% .
  • Such a structure provides a very significant weight gain while ensuring a very good mechanical strength as demonstrated by the tests performed by the Applicant.
EP20080169725 2007-11-23 2008-11-21 Dispositif de protection balistique Not-in-force EP2063214B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0708220A FR2924210B1 (fr) 2007-11-23 2007-11-23 Dispositif de protection balistique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2063214A1 EP2063214A1 (fr) 2009-05-27
EP2063214B1 true EP2063214B1 (fr) 2011-06-08

Family

ID=39672044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20080169725 Not-in-force EP2063214B1 (fr) 2007-11-23 2008-11-21 Dispositif de protection balistique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7846854B2 (un)
EP (1) EP2063214B1 (un)
FR (1) FR2924210B1 (un)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130090029A1 (en) * 2011-10-07 2013-04-11 Matscitechno Licensing Company Impact dissipating fabric
US20170284773A9 (en) * 2013-10-01 2017-10-05 Mystery Ranch Ltd. Ballistic plate materials and method

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2544481A1 (fr) * 1983-04-13 1984-10-19 Yves Moriceau Structure multicouches de protection contre les projectiles
GB2250470A (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-06-10 Shrinemark Limited Protective sheet material
GB2253589B (en) * 1991-03-15 1994-12-14 Gentex Corp Assembly for resisting penetration by low speed missiles
WO1994009336A1 (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-04-28 Allied-Signal Inc. Entangled high strength yarn
US6107220A (en) * 1996-10-18 2000-08-22 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Rapid fabric forming
US6841492B2 (en) * 2002-06-07 2005-01-11 Honeywell International Inc. Bi-directional and multi-axial fabrics and fabric composites
FR2895497B1 (fr) 2005-12-23 2008-02-08 Tda Armements Sas Soc Par Acti Dispositif de neutralisation et de destruction de batiments de stockage de substances nocives.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2063214A1 (fr) 2009-05-27
FR2924210B1 (fr) 2013-07-05
US20090155523A1 (en) 2009-06-18
FR2924210A1 (fr) 2009-05-29
US7846854B2 (en) 2010-12-07

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